Abrading-machine.



O. W. BRENIZER.

ABRADING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 00w. 31,1908.

Patented May 18, 1909.

Wit" use:

atmmu irregular and of metal, combined with a coat- UNITED A'PES E T OFFICE.

I mam fletober fil, Serial N'o. 460,411.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Orson W. BRENIZER, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Abrading-lvlachines, of which the following is a specification,

My invention has reference tomethod of forming abrading surfaces and consists of certain improvements which are fully set forth in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings which form a part thereof.

More specifically, my invention has special use in connection with the making of abrading surfaces for machines for paring or removing the skin of vegetables and fruit, but may be employed fOr removing the outer portions of any easily detachable substance from the inner or body part.

The object of my invention is to provide a method for making an inexpensible construction of abrading surface which shall embody durability.

My invention consists in a method for producing an abrading surface, preferably ing of carborundum, emery or other refractory substance in small granules, held in .T- place by a suitable japan having strong adhering qualities and baked in position.

My invention further consists in coating a surface with a fluid layer capable of being hardened by baking, depositing upon and into the fluid layer grains of an abrading substance such as carborundu'm, coating the layer so formed when set and hardened with a second fluid layer to fill to a more or less degree the spaces between the abrading substance, and finally hardening the abrading surface by baking.

My invention also comprehends details which, together with the features above specified, will be better understood by reference to the drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan view of an abradlng disk embodying my invention; Fig. 2 a

A is a disk of metal or other material and is adapted to be rotated by a spindle when associated with the means (not shown) for supporting and guiding the vegetables, fruit jor other material to be treated. Thisdisk may have its surface ofany suitable shape, that shown having a plurality ofspiral termediate depressions or valleys D. These irregularities provide abrading portions for positive action upon the vegetable or fruit which rest against the abradingsurfa'ce and at the same time cause a feeding action upon said materials, whereby they are ke t in motion and, constantly present di erent portions tothe rota-ting abrading surface.

construction of which, is shown in Fig. 3. The surface I of the disk A is preferably coated-with japan as' at F. Upon this japan the abrading grains E of carborundum are dusted or sprinkled and into which they embed themselves and assume fixed positions. As soon as the japan is-sufiiciently set it is baked in a japanning oven. The japan used may be of the ordinary composition but I without some shellac varnish, which has the property of great tenacity, adhering qualities and less brittleness, all of which are most important and desirable to the durabil ity of my improved abrading device. As most of the carborundum grains are not over deeply embedded in the japan layer F, I prefer to coat the carborundum and layer F with a second or reinforcing layer G of similar japan and this is also baked hard, so

and to the a-brading grains E well up around their bodies whereby in effect, they are dovetailed into the japan layers and thus very strongly held to the surface of the disk. The

harder surface than the primary layer and hence may add to the black baking japan and hard oil, some shellac varnish, the latter givthe tenacity of the japan. As to proportions for ordinary use one-half pint of the hard oil and one-half pint of the shellac varnish may be used to one-quart of black baking japan. Any other compound of-japan or its equivalent may be employed.

By employing apan in the above manner, .it is evident that, notwithstanding the disk is irregular and with rounded surfaces, the

capacity of giving to the japan layer the that it adheres strongly to the first layer F ing a harder body while the hard oil retains of these substances, they may be varied, but

olRsoN w; BRENizEa, errant-renewals, .IPENNISYLVANIA, Assrouoa ro AMERICAN FRUIT.

' co;', .;ruooarona rnn, itcosroniirron or an WARE. H

jwaves C extending from thecenter with in- B is the abrading surface, the preferred cast in a roughened condition and this is prefer to add to it some hard oil, with or j secondary layer I prefer to have a somewhat ios carborundurn, emery or other abra'ding' grains are cemented in position whereverdepos1ted,-because the japansets so quickly *asnot to run froin'the high to the'low portions of the surface.

WVhile I have described my invention with respect to the disk A, the abrading surface maybe eitlie'rinovable or fixed and of any shape, a fixed surface being shown at H in Fig. 2 and provided with my improved. abrading structure.

An abrading surface formedjn the manner above described has great durability, is

cheaply and'quickly constructed and retains its abrading qualities throughout its surface with great evenness. r

\Vhile I have'shown my invention more particularly in the form-of'a rotatable-disk, it is to be understood that it may be made with any other shape of moving or static surface, as will be understood by those familiar with abrading machines of the. character referred to herein; and while I referto japanina general sense, it is evident that such term.1s to be understood as includlng all. equivalent substances which may be coating a surface with a'fluidlayer caps ble of being hardened, de ositing upon and-into the fluid layer aw ard abradmg substance-"in granular forin and allowing ond fluid layer to fill to a more or less degree the spaces etween the abrading substance, and finally hardening the layers which bind the abrading substance to the surface by subjecting them to heat.

2. That improvement in the art of forming an abrading surface which consists in coating a surface with a fluid layer capable of being hardened by baking, depositing upon. and into the fluid layer a hard abrading substance in granular form, baking the fluid layer until it becomes hard, then coating the hardened abrading surface so formed with a second fluid layer to fill to a more or less degree the spaces between the abradin substance, and finally hardening the secon layer by baking.

3. That improvement in the art'of forming an abradmg surface which consists in coating :1 surface with .a mixture of japan, and a substance to reduce its brittleness when baked, embedding in the surface of the japan grains of a hard abrading substance, and finally baking the prepared surface until the japan becomes hard. ,In testimony of which invention, have hereunto set my hand.

ORSON W. BRENIZER. Witnesses: R. M.' HUNTER, v A. W. Rams.

the fluid layer to become hard, then coating the abrading surface so formed with a sec- 

